k

Kabalay - non-Sara people living in area around Lai.

god of fortune, 'guardian angel'.

god of the dead.

god of magic, traditional god.

Central Africa; Congo; {in general, regions to the south}.

Kotoko {people inhabiting river areas near Ndjamena}.

female name.

Kaba {Sara people living southwest of the Mbay towards Gore and in Central Africa}.

Sara Kaba - Sara people living east of Sarh in Kyabe region.

Kan subgroup of Mbay {around Koldaga canton - dialect has many differences}.

female name {often given to firstborn twin (second is named Ngójó if male and Ngójó if female)}.

the Koy subgroup of Mbay.

Koumra {important Sar town 75 kms. north of Moissala}.

female name {often given to second born twin, first of whom is male (named Ngāró)}.

Barh-ko river {between Koumra and Sarh}.

male name.

once again.

aforementioned (in expression [yá̰a̰] à tèn 'here is the aforementioned [thing]').

and so now, and then now (probably from kàá-tā).

large and old tree.

later (probably from kàá-ɓétɨ́).

grandparent.

someone to whom women bring good luck.

someone to whom men bring good luck.

great-grandchild.

pond or small lake in isolated area.

captain.

truck interior {riding in the interior is more costly than riding in back}.

type of tree [Isoberlinia doka].

assassin bug [Reduviidae sp.], known for its extremely painful sting.

in afternoon (derived from locative of kàdɨ̀ 'sun').

bonus, extra portion given to buyer at time of purchase.

side, wall.

next to.

sun.

bark of tree.

large clay pot (kàdɨ̀-kɔ̀l̄-gɨ̄ also possible).

throat.

type of bitter manioc.

turban used to protect face.

to give.

that.

blessing.

crawling, creeping (infinitive of àgɨ̀).

leopard.

type of tree [Cordia africana].

salvation, eternal life {chr.}.

type of fish [Hepsetus odoe].

under any circumstances (in expression ōtɨ́ à or ōtɨ́ à 'don't under any circumstances).

swimming (infinitive of àl).

solitariness.

deceit (tàà kàlbátɨ̀ 'a lie').

that's it, that's enough!.

last year.

fish net {kotoko style}.

underpants.

climbing, going up (infinitive form of àl̄).

stomach, interior of stomach.

in {locative and temporal}, on.

worry, worries.

palm of hand.

indecisiveness.

good fortune.

greed, evil, wickedness.

worries, worry.

compulsion, fixed idea.

page of book; sheet of paper.

kindness, goodness.

kindness, goodness, generosity; good deeds.

compound.

tranquility, gentleness, peacefulness, etc..

type of wàā millet.

truck.

if.

type of sauce made with sesame flour.

canton {regional division}.

fruit.

ringworm; fungus that attacks hair.

without.

type of plant [Cassia occidentalis].

corporal.

coat.

coffee.

bonus, extra portion given to buyer at time of purchase.

thick cardboard box (see also ngɔ́ɔ́).

tie.

quarter, neighborhood.

empty.

clarity; clearness; cleanliness (infinitive of àr̄).

tape cassette {currently imported from Nigeria}.

alcoholic drink {generic term}.

being enough; being able (infinitive of àsɨ̀).

non-alcoholic beer.

Catholic (see also ngè-kàdɨ̀-rō-tàa).

sharpness, sharp.

bitterness.

salt {currently rock salt, imported from the Central African Republic}.

fertilizer for cotton.

salt of local manufacture.

salt of local manufacture.

natron.

fertilizer for cotton.

type of water lily.

egg, eggs [complement is bird].

type of tree [Isoberlinia doka].

elastic, rubber.

going (infinitive of àw̄).

assassin bug [Reduviidae sp.], known for its extremely painful sting.

type of large antelope.

roaming about, drift around.

notebook.

so that when, so when.

that {indicates s.t. mentioned previously}.

even.

if.

later, later on.

on up.

aforementioned, that.

to go.

woman's garment.

which.

toad, frog.

type of toad.

goiter.

drinking (infinitive of à̰ӯ).

running; fleeing (infinitive of à̰ӯ).

star appearing next to planet Venus.

type of bush.

noise [of s.t.].

deeply (set) {eyes}.

millet that has been soaked in water to increase its acidity.

sugar cane [Saccharum officinarum].

stalk of [plant].

pied crow [Corvus albus].

closed, blocked, stuck.

type of dance.

type of millet beer.

bushes, brush.

first and then.

type of bush {used for brushing teeth - possibly same as mbāĺ}.

first.

tapeworm.

perfectly (ripe).

extremely (bitter).

mousetrap.

braid.

pieces of broken pottery.

kneecap.

pieces of broken clay {ground up to be reused when making new pots}.

kneecap.

chains {for prisoner}; metal hobble.

staff of authority {normally used by subprefect}.

assemble, bring together, call together.

float for fishing line.

hard (scrub).

perfectly (white).

cards (ɗɔ̄ɔ̄ kártē 'play cards').

type of tall grass, used in making grass fencing [Cymbopogon giganteus].

all, all of it/them.

type of bush {possibly [Cassia siamea]}.

with a crash (shatter).

in exact amount, with exact change.

infancy.

pound [s.t. fresh or moist] {such as meat, fish, leaves, sesame}.

ring.

thoroughly (scatter).

paper {especially for wrapping purchases}.

rectangular house with straw roof.

make it difficult for [s.o.] to breathe; put pressure on [s.o.] (followed by káng).

bitter {bedege accent}.

all of it at once.

getting away, escaping far away.

assemble, bring together.

big and perfectly (ripe).

king {cards} (worth 4 points in kósɨ̄).

swallow.

very (hungry) (desc. of ɔ̀dɨ̀).

pied crow [Corvus albus].

deeply (set).

getting away, escaping (in expression à̰ӯ káɓáng 'run and get away').

noise of, sound of; news of.

completely (dry).

extremely (bitter).

split into pieces.

wow!.

defecating; urinating.

diarrhea.

ground finely; cooked (infinitive of èdɨ̄).

elephant.

type of tree [Entada sp.].

calm, quiet (normally with tò,ndì,ɗà).

like mad, all over {bite {insects}).

speaking, talking (infinitive of èl).

inside, in it (derived from Sara kèm 'in').

wreck of, remains of.

partridge.

type of large bird {probably plaintain eater or touraco}.

impatiently (wait).

remove [a liquid].

Nile perch [Lates niloticus].

type of game similar to jacks.

supporting a heavy weight.

small metal bowl commonly used to measure millet.

four cornered basket with round top {used commonly to winnow millet}.

is it that.

urine.

type of urinary infection.

piece of gourd used to dish out 'boule'.

carefully (support).

slowly (walk) with a limp.

as if innocent, as if one hadn't done it (in expression ɓày ɗà kéréng 'act as if one hasn't done anything').

remove [liquid].

lightly (touch, scratch).

in large numbers (gather) (desc. of ɔ̀y-n̄ nà̰ā̰).

suddenly (fall).

extremely (evil); pitch (black).

coffin.

slowly (in expression tètɨ̀ kāgɨ̄-ǹ késɨ́ 'take one's time').

cough.

form of tuberculosis.

form of tuberculosis.

form of tuberculosis.

before, previously, in the past.

small market (does not take tɨ́ in locative).

wanderer, vagabond.

heartily and showing teeth (laugh) (desc. of gō).

that {emphatic form}.

wide open, wide (desc. of tèē).

veteran of World War II.

oath of innocence.

white worms that live in excrement.

be new.

extremely (fat) (can be desc. of bòo).

blackness (infinitive of ìl).

sucking, biting (infinitive form of ìl).

type of game {somewhat similar to tag}.

gill [of fish].

clouds, rain clouds.

harp-like guitar.

small tea glass.

pill, medicine taken as pill.

extremely (cloudy) (desc. of ìl̄).

squeezing, forcing (infinitive of ìrè).

patience, sacrifice {for goal}.

be red, reddish, orange.

make a ruckus.

residue.

be very full.

extremely fat.

oath of innocence.

type of bush [Crotalaria sp.].

knife (locally made by blacksmiths kɔ̀dɨ̄).

excrement.

iron grindings and remains at forge.

disease caused by walking barefoot {said to be caused by excrement}.

type of tree.

for a long time (burning fire).

anybody, just anybody.

be tiny, very small {said of things that are intrinsically small}.

scorn, despise; heap scorn upon.

elbow.

twig wilter bug {bug with oddly shaped legs, which suck sap from plants} (derived from kíl-ḿ-tɨ́ on my elbows', describing how this insect seems to walk).

type of bird {weaver or grossbeak}.

weaver or grosbeak.

runt peanut, not good for planting.

type of small bird {weaver}.

epilepsy.

oh mother.

bucket or gourd used to fetch water at well.

with force (spear, dig, etc.).

with a pop (become pierced).

game played with peanut shells {similar to mbàrà}.

excessively, too much.

with a slam (car door) (plural doubled; desc. of ndà).

settle (liquid).

tickle.

owner, oneself, etc. (irregular form used only when followed by the suffix '-ß'; see kíyē).

type of vine.

amniotic water.

owner of (?? wouldn't ss2 ḭ̀ḭ̄ kíyē be better).

children's name for small yellow bird {yellow white-eye}.

rapidly (swallow).

cry of chicks, peep peep.

giving birth (infinitive of òjɨ̀).

type of ant.

extremely (thick).

giraffe.

alcoholic drink made from manioc.

chief official of the government {normally the prefect or subprefect}.

strong {drink, sauce, etc.) (infinitive of òng).

this year.

this year.

pole used for knocking fruit off trees {especially mangoes}.

forging, soldering, working metal (infinitive of òo).

making [porridge] (infinitive of òo).

deepness, being deep (infinitive of òo).

only, just.

little island or peninsula in river.

oil for skin.

place with thick vegetation, where bush fires have not burned.

remove [a liquid].

donkey.

type of small round fish net.

remove a liquid; put too much in.

frame of roof made in shape of cone {from poles, stalks and grass tied together}.

type of net for fishing.

pig, domestic pig.

cucumber [Cucumis sativus].

type of plant.

be a mob or crowd, be very numerous.

smelling (infinitive of òtɨ̀).

lemon grass.

type of plant.

don't let that (2nd per: kōtɨ́) (followed by infinitive).

type of tree [Ficus platyphylla].

death (see also yòo).

type of beetle, weevil.

beer made of 'small millet' {less strong than normal beer} {lit: the death of Chad}.

type of bush.

type of tree [Syzygium guineense].

seeing; hearing; knowing, learning (infinitive of òō).

breathing, respiration.

type of yellow orange ant of medium size {eats sugar; doesn't bite}.

gourd with misshaped sides.

suffering, misery.

time, step [of action].

type of bush [Grewia cissoides].

rule, administration.

heaven.

wearing; putting on (infinitive of ò̰ō̰).

pied crow [Corvus albus].

hiccups.

type of bush.

type of plant.

clam, clamshell.

type of edible insect.

knock-knock.

type of tree [Hymenocardia acida] (fruit is kɔ̀ndɨ̀).

type of tree.

mild craziness.

insect, similar to small bee {pesters people's eyes}.

badly (constipated).

parrot.

woman who has just given birth.

type of vine.

type of wàā sorghum (reddish grains).

jackal {large}.

type of tree [Diospyros mespiliformis].

extremely (strong, sturdy).

silently, without talking; speechless, stupefied (pl à-à).

perfectly (white).

fly.

type of large fly.

woman, female.

old woman.

goddess of rain.

rain dance.

large red soldier termite with huge head.

pregnant woman.

tree that is always filled with birds.

man who does woman's work {insult}.

divorcee, divorced woman.

old woman who keeps reserves of spices and traditionalì things.

spirit that frightens girls being initiated (see also kɨ́-ngà-múr-bìī).

baby bees in hive.

favorite wife.

person who has been initiated recently.

type of field bird {starling, shrike, or oriole}.

treatment of woman to prevent her from eating chicken.

first wife.

can, tin can.

sesame [Sesamum indicum].

sesame ball made with sugar.

for good; away.

with a light thud (fall {s.t. living and light}).

extremely (deep).

remove [a liquid].

enamel bowl with cover {used to hold drinking water or sauces} (see also sàmbé 'enamel basin').

type of insect.

oh beautiful woman.

numerous things; great numbers of.

card game.

full to the brim.

place of; absence of.

with a whack (hit {with a stick}).

type of tree [Ficus sp.].

with a cracking sound (break).

with chopping sound (hit,chop).

mother.

lock (lit 'mother of key'; see kɨ̄lē 'key').

red insect that appears at beginning of rainy season, announcing its arrival.

organizer of financial association pārēe.

November {lit: why does my mother call me (as there's plenty to eat)}.

pardon.

entering; getting down; etc. (infinitive of ùdɨ̀).

fist.

picking, taking, scratching, etc. (infinitive of ùgɨ̀).

sterile person.

in one place (remain).

plump, round and (fat) {birds}.

be large and ugly.

weeds and bushes pulled up in field and thrown in pile.

type of kite.

raising, herding (infinitive of ùl̄).

eye.

bullet {lit: eye of the rifle}.

type of tree.

sunlight.

compassion.

headlights {lit: eye of truck}.

alive.

faintness, dizziness.

in family, with the family.

conjunctivitis.

arrow.

covetousness, greed.

prudence.

all there, complete with nothing missing.

eye ailment which results in the loss of eyelids.

rancor; animosity (in expression ndā à dɔ̀ [dèē] tɨ́ 'to have one's eyes on [s.o.] in order to find fault')

pity (òō à lò dèē 'have pity on s.o.').

be long and ugly.

commerce, trade.

taking; catching; getting; driving (infinitive of ùn).

promise.

non-alcoholic millet drink {made with flour and sugar}.

be infected (sore).

striped robe formally worn by notables.

cleanliness, clearness, brightness (infinitive of ùnjɨ̄).

swallowing; pounding; grind; digging, etc. (infinitive of ùr).

type of large frog.

extremely fat (desc. of bòo).

cry made by eagle.

sewing (infinitive of ùr̄).

falling in mass (infinitive of ùr̄).

insect {generic}.

idiot, fool.

intelligence.

kneecap.

finger joint.

wrist.

ankle.

type of hairless caterpillar with red head and grey body.

joint of toe.

game with rocks played in holes {of Central African origin}.

scrubbing, pounding, scratching, etc. (infinitive of ùsɨ̀).

putting down a load (infinitive of ùsɨ̄).

type of enamel basin (larger than dòjɨ̀, but smaller than dòjɨ̀).

customs, traditions.

sound of guinea hen.

closed, shut (infinitive of ùtɨ̄).

among, between.

forest, jungle.

stalk of 'small millet'.

area with dense growth {grass or trees}.

disease attacking belly button.

escape tunnel [animal].

food made of cooked beans and bean leaves wrapped in a leaf.

spoon.

fishhook.

type of tree [Detarium microcarpum].

hearts {suit in cards}.

house, home.

room in back {away from door}.

snail shell.

heart [animal].

loudly (cough).

extremely (fat).

charcoal.

ancient money in form of small throwing knife.

ancient money in shape of throwing knife (larger than kúl, and with a prong).

burnt field.

hunt {for small animals done several days after bush fire} (see also rīi).

also, too.

cook [sauce containing gummy texture {with okra or gúm}].

belly button.

corner of winnowing basket.

baggage, [one's] things.

baggage, luggage.

wind up, twist up.

xylophone.

name, call.

loudly (break {s.t. with air in it}).

machete.

hard, with force (knock down).

dazedly (tired).

extremely (dry).

badly (burned).

completely (scatter).

with a crash (s.t. made of clay or mud).

thoroughly (scrape) (desc. of kūsɨ̄).

scrub hard (freq. of kūsɨ̄). hide, keep secret.

completely (broken).

jostle container so that [grain] comes out.

getting away, escaping.

hug, put one's arms around.

oh grandfather {vocative}.

cove, section of river, bend.

skull.

eardrum.

round part stomach {part that holds food}.

abandoned village, traces of abandoned village.

type of snail; shell of this snail.

tree.

duration of stay [of s.o.].

rheumatism.

pillow made of wood.

cross {of Christ}.

arm (used to distinguish arm from jī 'hand,arm').

fishing pole (see also kùӯ).

stem {of leaf}.

type of tree [Moringa oleifera], leaves used in sauce.

wooden seat or chair (lit: 'wood for sitting'; see also yá̰a̰-ndì).

pillar of support.

slim (person); skinny blink (in expression dèē kɨ́ à 'slim person').

skin ailment which attacks arms and legs.

cane.

ancestral tree.

type of large waterbuck [Kobus sp.].

type of sweet manioc.

type of leash for dogs, with stick to keep them back.

guest house.

fish.

collective fishing.

quickly (kānáng-kānáng is also common).

shoulder blade.

weak, infirm person.

type of vine [Cyphostemma adenocaule].

shin.

type of plant {probably [Hygrophila auriculata]}.

bile.

split (in two), cut.

divide among, split up into.

divide among.

slap, hit [s.o.'s nape] {with s.t.}.

type of tall plant {over 7 feet} with huge leaves.

share; divide.

bring up again (obj: kàm dèē) ?? w record). remind (obj: kàm dèē). Expr: kɨ̄lē kàm [dèē] -remind [s.o.].

chicken that cries at night {suggesting sorcery in the air}.

wild chicken.

type of bird.

firewood.

light and foamy (beer).

type of small yellow fruit.

millet prepared to make beer.

karite tree [Vitellaria paradoxa].

medicine, remedy.

medicine consisting of a collection of herbs and grasses.

towards.

later, late.

after.

liking both sides {of one's family}.

cock-a-doodle-do {sound of rooster}.

side.

towards the direction of.

small pirogue used in transporting fish.

small stool.

throne {fig.} (ndì dà à tɨ́ 'sit on throne, be king').

seed of.

shout, yell, cry out.

traditional, genuinely Mbay.

traditional; characteristic of customs of people.

period of famine.

type of tree [Lophira lanceolata].

type of egret {probably little egret}.

afterlife.

great white egret [Egretta alba].

woodpecker.

shrike.

type of large colorful bird {plantain-eater or touraco}.